What to do about distortion in vacuum quenching during heat treatment
Release Time:
2016-06-28
In recent years, with the increasing maturity of automotive parts heat treatment technology, the geometric accuracy of workpieces after heat treatment is required to be higher and higher. Quenching deformation will inevitably cause a decrease in the geometric accuracy of the workpiece. Workpieces need to be heated to 850~950℃ for quenching, and high temperatures often have adverse effects, such as distortion. Mold-type vacuum quenching, also known as pressure quenching, is an effective means of reducing quenching deformation and is widely used in the automotive industry. Vacuum quenching distortion is the most common problem in the heat treatment process. For mass-produced bearings and gears, controlling quenching distortion is an effective means of improving product quality and service life.
In recent years, with the increasing maturity of automotive parts heat treatment technology, the geometric accuracy of workpieces after heat treatment is required to be higher and higher. Quenching deformation inevitably causes a decrease in the geometric accuracy of the workpiece. Workpieces need to be heated to 850~950℃ for quenching, and high temperatures often have adverse effects, such as distortion. Mold-type vacuum quenching, also known as pressure quenching, is an effective means of reducing quenching deformation and is widely used in the automotive industry.
Vacuum quenching distortion is the most common problem in the heat treatment process. For mass-produced bearings and gears, controlling quenching distortion is an effective means of improving product quality and service life. For materials such as carburizing steel (such as carburizing bearing steel G20CrNi2MoA) or low-alloy steel for gears (18CrMnTi, etc.), the finished product requires a certain carburizing layer thickness to meet the requirements of high surface hardness and good core toughness. The use of mold pressure quenching technology is a direct and effective measure to prevent quenching distortion and improve the pass rate.
For the distortion problems encountered in the vacuum quenching process, there is an effective mold pressure quenching technology and equipment for controlling distortion. By controlling the magnitude, cycle, and method of the force, adjusting the structure and size of the quenching mold, controlling the flow rate, flow state, and flow direction of the coolant, etc., the distortion process can be controlled to reduce the distortion of the workpiece. Under the premise of meeting the quenching requirements, the mold and machine tool are combined into one to provide mold pressure quenching process equipment for the quenching process. While ensuring hardness and metallographic requirements, the consistency of the quenched workpieces is maintained, the quenching quality is controlled to the optimal level, and it is put into industrial application, comprehensively reducing quenching distortion.
In the implementation of the mold pressure vacuum quenching technology, two different nitriding processes were carried out on 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb steel in two different states: solid solution and solid solution + aging. The effects of process temperature, ammonia decomposition rate, and original microstructure on the nitriding layer depth, post-nitriding microstructure, and properties of the material were investigated. The results show that whether the 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb steel is aged after solid solution, the nitriding layer depth, surface hardness, and core hardness obtained after nitriding are basically the same, and solid solution followed by direct nitriding can be considered; the performance after nitriding at 540℃ is better than that after nitriding at 480℃.
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